Following the downfall of President Hosni Mubarak in January 2011, and more markedly after the July 2013 ouster of President Mohamed Morsi, Egypt’s military assumed a new role in national politics.
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Understanding Shifts in Egyptian Civil-Military Relations: Lessons from the Past and Present
Understanding power and influence shifts in Egypt’s civil-military relations requires an analysis of societal dynamics and of loyalties in the officer corps. The ability to build and demonstrate support from a societal constituency, or an important faction in the officer corps, is a source of leverage for both political and …
U.S. Security Assistance to Egypt: Military Aid and Legislative Conditionality
The U.S. provides Egypt with roughly $1.3 billion in security assistance annually, primarily in the form of Foreign Military Financing (FMF) grants. Since 2011, U.S. security assistance has come under increasing criticism. This paper analyzes U.S.-Egypt security cooperation in light of post-2011 developments. Following an overview of U.S. assistance, subsequent sections analyze the legal framework and relevant legislation, particularly in …
Security Sector Governance in Egypt: Civil-Military Relations in Focus
The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) organised a conference in Montreux, Switzerland from 2 to 4 April 2014 to examine the relationship between the armed forces and citizens of Egypt. DCAF brought together leading experts on civil-military relations from four continents, including former members of armed and security forces, academics, politicians, and representatives of the …